Giochi dell'Oca e di percorso (by Luigi Ciompi & Adrian Seville)

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Royal (The) Geographical Pastime or the complete Tour of Europe
For Thomas Jefferys Geographer of the King

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	primo autore:	Anonimo
	secondo autore:	Jefferys Thomas
	anno:	1768
	luogo:	Inghilterra-Londra
	periodo:	XVIII secolo (3°/4)
	percorso:	Percorso di 103 caselle numerate
	materiale:	carta incollata su tela (engraving on paper with linen backing)
	dimensioni:	495X660
	stampa:	Cromolitografia
	luogo acquisto:
	data acquisto:
	dimensioni confezione:
	numero caselle:	103
	categoria:	Geografia
	tipo di gioco:	Gioco di percorso
	editore:	Jefferys Thomas Geographer to the King
	stampatore:	Printed & Sold by W.m Faden Charing Cross
	proprietario:	Collezione A. Seville
	autore delle foto:	A. Seville
	numero di catalogo:	1310
	descrizione:	Gioco di 103 caselle numerate distribuite sulla carta dell'Europa: partenza da Dover e arrivo a Londra. REGOLE: ai lati. CASELLE: mute. REFERENZA 1 Jefferys (Thomas). The Royal Geographical Pastime or the Complete Tour of Europe, a game through 103 cities in Europe, starting in Dover and ending in London. Explanation text panels to each side, engraved map with original handc-colouring, 495 x 660mm., dissected and linen-backed, slight surface dirt, lacking slipcase, 2nd state, William Faden, 1782. REFERENZA 2 Game 30: Complete Tour of Europe The Royal Geographical Pastime or Complete Tour of Europe. London: Thomas Jefferys, Geographer to the King, 1768. Copper engraving with original hand color, 50 x 69 cm., dissected and laid on linen in 3 x 6 panels. Ref: Ciompi/Seville 1310. This is the second known British educational race game, the earliest being A Journey through Europe, or the Play of Geography, invented by John Jefferys in 1759. The present exhibit follows the earlier game in concept but with detailed differences. It is dated at the foot of the engraved plate: “published according to the 7th of George IIId 1st January 1768 by T Jefferys corner of St Martin’s Lane.” The dedication is to George Prince of Wales, Duke of Cornwall and Knight of the Most Honourable Order of the Garter. An advertisement for the game appears in the January 27–29, 1768 issue (no. 1648) of Lloyd's Evening Post: This Day is published, Price 8s. Dedicated by Permission, to his Royal Highness the Prince of WALES, THE ROYAL GEOGRAPHICAL PASTIME; or, The COMPLETE TOUR of EUROPE. By T. JEFFERYS, Geographer to the King. Sold by T. Jefferys, the Corner of St. Martin's-lane, in the Strand. The game sheet begins with a description of the mode of play, which is of interest in that it clearly states the playing equipment needed: From two to six persons may play this game, and to determine which of them is to spin first, each is to turn the Totum, and the highest number is to begin, and then the next greatest. The turned pillars are called Travellers, who are supposed to make the tour of Europe; each of the players having one, which he is to place on the number turned up. The four counters of the same colour with the Travellers, are to be employed as markers, and are called Servants. Whenever a player is obliged to wait one turn or more, he is to lay down as many Counters or Servants as he is directed to wait turns (this never exceeds four), and when it comes to his turn to spin again, instead of spinning, he is to take up one Servant, and so on, till they are all taken up ... The Totum has eight faces, with proper numbers ... In English domestic circles, there was a prejudice against using dice and dice boxes, which were associated with gambling. Instead, the Totum (a sort of small top, here with eight sides, later called the Teetotum) was substituted. The ”turned pillars” were wooden pawns, each painted in a different color. The game shares with its predecessor the use of a numbered track of cities. Here the track goes from Dover (space 1) to London (space 103) via the countries of Europe with an extension to the Holy Land and Egypt. Both games share a link with Goose, the cities which are ”royal residences” being treated as throw-doubling spaces. These include Dublin (lord lieutenant of Ireland), Edinburgh (seat of the ancient kings of Scotland, Petersburgh (empress of Russia), Vienna (emperor of Germany) and Constantinople (emperor of the Turks), as well as the capital cities housing European kings. The games also share anti-Catholic prejudice, as here: Space 64 Rome - the Traveller, who is supposed to have indiscreetly kissed the pope’s toe, must be banished to Bergen in Norway (No. 11) and miss four turns. Certain of the hazard spaces also recall Goose: Space 68 Algiers – here the Traveller, being taken prisoner by the Corsairs, must remain prisoner until another comes into the same place; or, if they have all passed this place, then he may redeem himself by laying down a fresh stake. However, unlike the “death” rule in Goose, here there is no second chance: Space 89 Scilly Islands – the Traveller will be shipwrecked on the rocks and loses his chance of game. There are numerous references to the Hanoverian connections, though a later hand has added the word ‘former’ to: Space 30 Hanover – the capital of His Britannic Majesty’s Dominions in Germany. The same hand has amended Space 61 Corsica to make it read: ”an island in the Mediterranean, the birthplace of Buonaparte.” As well as international politics, there is much information about trade: Space 17 Archangel – the Traveller is to stay one turn at this place, to purchase timber for England. The game is entirely playable and the information is conveyed succinctly and without overt moralizing, even if its prejudices are of its time. (Adrian Seville) Exhibitions: - "The Royal Game of the Goose four hundred years of printed Board Games". Exhibition at the Grolier Club, February 23 - May 14, 2016 (Prof. Adrian Seville).
	bibliografia:	1) WHITEHAUSE, F.R.B.: "Table Games of Georgian and Victorian Days", London, Peter Garnett, 1951. 2) GOODFELLOW, Caroline: "A Collector's Guide to Games and Puzzles". Secaucus, New Jersey, Chartwell Books-London, Quintet Publishing Limited 1991. 3) GOODFELLOW, Caroline: "The Development of the English Board Game, 1770-1850", in Board Games Studies 1, 1998. 4) GOODFELLOW, Caroline: "Jeux de société. Le guide du collectionneur des jeux de société depuis le XVIIIe siècle jusqu’à nos jours", (Edizione francese) Carrousel MS, 2001. 5) SEVILLE, Adrian: "The Game of Goose: and its influence on cartographical race games" Journal of the International Map Collectors' Society, Winter 2008 N°115 2008. 6) SEVILLE, Adrian: "The geographical Jeux de l'Oie of Europe." In "Belgeo" 2008 3-4 2008. 7) GOODFELLOW, Caroline: "How We Played: Games From Childhood Past", History Press, 2012. 8) QUINN, Brian - CARTWRIGHT, William: "Geographic Board Games". Geospatial Science Research 3. School of Mathematical and Geospatial Science, RMIT University, Australia. December 2014. 9) SEVILLE, Adrian: "The Royal Game of the Goose four hundred years of printed Board Games". Catalogue of an Exhibition at the Grolier Club, February 23 - May 14, 2016. 10) LIMAN, Ellen: "Georgian and Victorian Board Games: The Liman Collection", Pointed Leaf Press, 2017. 11) NORCIA, Megan A.: "Gaming Empire in Children's British Board Games, 1836-1860". Studies in Childhood, 1700 to the Present. Routledge, 2019. 12) SEVILLE, Adrian: "L'arte dei giochi da tavolo. Oltre un secolo di storia e divertimento dalla fine del Settecento all'inizio del Novecento." Edizioni White Star, 2019. 13) PARLAK, Omer Fatih: "Seafearing through the Perspective of Historic Board Games", in DGSM, Köllen Druck+Verlag, Bonn 2020.
		Geographical Pastimes. Two early English map games (A. Seville)
		Cartographical games were the earliest of the educational games to be developed in England, a century after the invention of this genre in mid-16th century France. The game, The Royal Geographical Pastime or the Tour of Europe by Thomas Jefferys, London, 1768, is the second known English cartographic game. Like its predecessor, A Journey through Europe, or the Play of Geography invented by John Jefferys and published by Carington Bowles in 1759, it is clearly based on the Game of the Goose. Indeed, both of these map games make use of the rule, characteristic of that game, that a player landing on a favourable space moves past it to the extent of his or her throw. Here, though, the favourable spaces – rather than being those marked with the figure of a goose as in the traditional game - are the ‘royal residences’, i.e. capital cities of Europe, including Dublin by virtue of the residence of the Lord Lieutenant. The track of the Thomas Jefferys game starts at Dover. The winner – after undertaking a substantial ‘Grand Tour’ extending well beyond the confines of Europe into Egypt, the Holy Land and the Black Sea ports – is the first to reach London, at space 103. To win, it is necessary to land exactly on the final space. Unusually, the rules prescribe that a player who overthrows this space must return to Paris (space 83) and spin again: the usual Goose rule for overthrows is that the excess points are counted backwards. The special hazards of Goose are not generally reproduced, though the ‘prison’ space of that game has its analogue at Algiers (space 68) where the player, having been taken prisoner by the Corsairs (as usual in early map games!) must stay until released by another. The nearest equivalent to the ‘death’ space of Goose is shipwreck on the Scilly Islands (space 89) where the player ‘loses his chance of the game’. The game relates to the theme of the IMCoS symposium in a number of ways. For example, the Hanoverian connection is clearly evident: Osnabruck (space 5) is recorded as being subject to Frederick, George’s second son, and Hanover (space 32) is ‘the capital of His Britannic Majesty’s dominions in Germany’: in the present author’s copy, there is a manuscript addition of the word ‘former’ to the relevant instruction, presumably made after 1837, when these territories were ceded to Germany. A further manuscript addition updates the instruction for Corsica (space 61) by noting that it was the birthplace of Napoleon Bonaparte.There is a strong anti-Catholic sentiment. The player who is so unwise as to land on Rome (space 64) is faced with this instruction: The Traveller, who is supposed to have indiscreetly kissed the Pope’s toe, must be banished to Bergen.... and miss 4 turns. Space 70 commemorates the taking of Barcelona by the Earl of Peterborough in 1705, while space 73 notes the taking of Gibraltar by Sir George Rook(e) in 1704. The game also highlights aspects of commerce with England, e.g. timber from Archangel, as well as indicating the major tourist sights of Europe. Overall, there is a good variety of information about the cities on the track, leading to an interesting and memorable game.
		Geographical Games. "Table Games of Georgian and Victorian Days". (Francis Reginald Beaman, Whitehause)

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